ЯПОНСКИЙ / КУРС
| Grammar I - 04.02 |
| Describing Where Things Are | |
| Location words | |
|
You can ask for the location of item X, using doko (where). |
|
| マクドナルド は どこ です か。 | Where is McDonald's? |
|
makudonarudo wa doko desu ka? |
|
| マクドナルド は あそこ/そこ/ここ です。 |
McDonald's is over there / right there near you / right here. |
|
makudonarudo wa asoko / soko / koko desu. |
|
| You can describe where things are by using some of the location words below: | |
| みぎ | to the right of |
| migi | |
| ひだり | to the left of |
| hidari | |
| まえ |
in front of |
|
mae |
|
| うしろ |
behind |
| ushiro | |
| なか | inside |
| naka | |
| うえ | on/above |
| ue | |
| した |
under/beneath |
| shita | |
| そば | near, at the side of |
| soba | |
| ちかく | near |
|
chikaku |
|
| となり | next to (both objects are in the same category) |
| tonari | |
| よこ | beside (in relation to another item, even is they are quite distinct) |
|
yoko |
|
| The format is as follows: | |
| X は Y の /location word/ です。 |
X is /location/ Y. |
| ぎんこう は としょかん の となり です。 | The bank is next to the library. |
| ginkoo wa toshokan no tonari desu. | |
| かさ は テーブル の した です。 | The umbrella is under the table. |
| kasa wa teeburu no shita desu. | |
|
The particle で - de is used in these cases: |
|
| X は Y と Z の あいだ です。 |
X is between Y and Z. |
| レストラン は デパート と びょういん の あいだ です。 | The restaurant is between the department store and the hospital. |
|
resutoran wa depaato to byooin no aida desu. |
|
| One can use any of the above location words
together with a verb to describe an event that occurs in the
place. To use these phrases with verbs such as taberu (eat) and matsu (to wait), one will need the particle de. |
|
| わたし は ハーゲンダッツ の まえ で メアリー さん を まちました。 | I waited for Mary in front of the Haagen-Dazs place. |
|
watashi-wa haagen-datsu no mae de mearii san wo machimashita. |
|
|
yoko usage (for the objects in the two distinct classes, categories) |
|
| でんわ は トイレ の よこ です。 |
The telephone is by the restroom. |
|
denwa-wa toire no yoko desu. |
|
| not | |
| でんわ は トイレ の となり です。 |
The telephone is side by side with the restroom |
| denwa-wa toire no tonari desu. |